Articles

The ideal gas law (PV = nRT) links pressure, volume, moles, and temperature for a gas. See what each letter means, the R value, and a full worked example.

Learn how to do dilution calculations with the C1V1 = C2V2 formula, how to solve for any unknown variable, and a complete worked example step by step.

pH measures how acidic or basic a solution is on a 0 to 14 scale. Learn the pH formula, a worked example, and why each pH step is a 10x change.

Moles and Avogadro’s number explained: what a mole means, why 6.022 x 10^23 matters, and the formulas to turn mass into moles and particle counts.

Learn how to calculate molarity with the simple formula moles divided by liters. Step-by-step examples, unit conversions, and common mistakes explained.

Pressure units PSI, bar, and Pa explained clearly, with the pressure formula, real conversions, and where each unit shows up in daily life.

Density explained simply: what it means, the mass over volume formula, common units like kg/m^3, and worked examples using water, aluminum, and gold metal.

Learn how to calculate power in watts using two easy formulas: Power = Work / Time and Power = Voltage x Current, complete with step-by-step worked examples.

Ohm’s law explains how voltage, current, and resistance relate through the formula V = I x R, along with its two rearrangements and a worked example, too.

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion; potential energy is stored energy from position. Compare formulas, examples, and how energy converts between them.